Automatic lathe



Feb 1952 c. A. BICKEL ET AL 2,585,217

AUTOMATIC LATHE Filed May 7, 1945 10 Sheets-Sheet l wet;

000000 0 l 009000960 (ooooneooc loo 000000 mooooovoo 00050 c INVENTOR CLIFFORD A. BICKEL, (\I STANLEV ABRANDENBURG, N BY THEODORE FOSTER,

WK, W

ATTORNEY lE'I G- 1 Feb. 12, 1952 Filed May 7} 1945 C. A. BICKEL ETAL AUTOMATIC LATHE 10 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTORS CLIFFORD A. BICKEL, STANLEY ABRRNDENBURG, B Y 1146000125 FOSTER. z 1. l

ATTORN EYS 'Filed May '7, 1945 1952 c. A; BICKEL ET AL 2,585,217

AUTOMATIC LATHE 1O Sheets-Sheet 3 j 48c \\\\\\\V Q l0 INVENTOR5 /J CLIFFO ABICKEL,

STANL E .BRANDENBURG,

BY THEODOR FOSTER, M i W ATTORNEYS Feb. 12, 1952 C. A. BICKEL ET AL AUTOMATIC LATHE lO'Sheets-Sheet 4 Filed May 7, 1945 INVENTORS CLIFFORD ABICKEL.

smmzv ABRANDENBURG, BY THEODORE FOSTER.

ATTORNEYS 10 Sheets-Sheet 5 ATTORNEYS IN V ENTOR S CLIFFORD A. BICKEL,

NLEY ABRIINUENBURG,

STA B Y THEODORE FOSTER,

C. A. BICKEL ET AL AUTOMATIC LATHE Feb-l2, 1952 Filed May '7, 1945 F 1952 c. A. BICKEL ETAL 2,585,217

I AUTOMATIC LATHE Filed May 7, 1945 l0 Sheets-Sheet 8 2 7 INVENTORS CL/FFORD A. B/CKEL, STANLEY A. BRANDENBURG, BY THEODORE F0575? Feb. 12, 1952 c B|KEL ETAL 2,585,217

7 AUTOMATIC LATHE Filed May 7, 1945 10 Sheets-Sheet 9 I JNVENTORS CLIFFORD A. B/C/(EL, 0 STANLEY/4. BRANDENEl/RG (9 3 2 0 BY THEODORE FOSTER Feb. 12, 1952 A. BICKEL ET AL 2,585,217

AUTOMATIC LATHE Filed May 7, 1945 10 sheets-sheet 10 A 2 239d Z INVENTORS c4 lFFORD A. B/CKEL, STANLEY A BRANDENBURG.

rmroaom; r0570? Patented Feb. 12, 1952 AUTOMATIC LATHE Clifford A. Bickel, Stanley Brandenburg, and Theodore Foster, Sidney, ,Ohio assignors to i The Monarch Machine Tool Co s idney, Ohio,

a corporation of Ohio Application May 7, 1945, serial No. 592,503 I Claims. c1. -21 j The conventional lathe comprises in general a bed having ways upon which are mounted a headstock unit, a tailstock unit, and a carriage with cross slide and apron. Movement of the carriage is effected, in timed relation with rotation of the headstock spindle, by change gears or other speed-varying mechanism, connected to rotate a lead screw coupled to drive the carriage. Another shaft may be coupled at will to efiect movement of the cross slide. Power for driving the headstock spindle is supplied from a source of power such as a line shaft or motor, such source being also connected to drive the lead screw and cross-feed screws. As such lathes are intended for general utility, they must be provided with great flexibility and a wide range of spindle speeds and speed ratios between headstock spindle and lead screws. Lathes intended for tool room use are a good example 'of machines requiring wide speed ranges and ratios, and great flexibility. This flexibility, in turn, requires numerous refinements that add to the first cost of the machine and its upkeep, with consequent greater expenses for overhead, depreciation and obsolescence.

On the other hand, it very frequently happens that a lathe is desired for performing a relatively few definite operations, such as the turning of a single part in a production line, Under such conditions of use, the numerous refinements of a conventional lathe are not used and are mere surplusage so far as concerns the use to which the lathe is actually put. Even when the lathe is to be shifted to another job, as when turning a different part requiring a spindle speed different from that previously required or a different gear ratio between spindle and tool feed, only relatively small changes in certain parts of the machine are required so that minor alterations in one or more elements of the machine are all that are necessary to adapt it to the new Work.

It is therefore a purpose of our invention to provide a lathe having a support, together with a number of units such as headstock, tailstock, and tool slides mounted thereon, each unit being replaceable.

It is a further object to provide a lathe as aforesaid in which one or more of the units may be omitted altogether when the machine is to be used for a purpose in which such unit or units is not required. i

It is another purpose of our invention to provide a lathe in which the several units may by 2 slight changes, be adapted for different definite jobs, quickly and at slight expense.

,Another object of the invention is to provide a lathe so constructed that each individual unit such as headstock, tailstock and tool carrier, is complete with its own driving motor and means for dimensionally controlling the position and range of movements of the parts adjusted thereby, without interfering with the functioning of theother units.

It is a still further object to provide a lathe having a relatively few interchangeable units whereby, by combining various ones of said units, machines having difierent characteristics may be made up from parts in stock,,as ordered. This will greatly reduce the ultimate cost, avoid delays in filling special orders and greatly simplify the servicing and repairing of machines.

Other objects andadvantages, particularly in the-specific construction of the several units, will become apparent as the description proceeds.

In the drawings: I

Figure 1 is a plan view of a preferred form that our lathe may take showing the headstock, tailstock, front and rear cross slides, together with the motors for individually operating the several units.

Figure 2 is a sectional view of the headstock, taken upon the line 2-2 of Figure 1, looking in the direction of the arrows, and showing a high speed belt drive such as might be required for small work pieces and light cuts.

Figure 3 is an end view. partly in section,'looking from the left in Figure 1, showing a gear drive from the headstock motor to the spindle and particularly intended for medium or intermediate spindle speeds.

Figure 4 is a view similar to Figure 3 but showing the headstock spindle driven by worm and gear connections and intended for relatively slow speed work such as might be required for large, work pieces and heavy cuts..

. Figure 5 is a sectional view taken upon the line 5-5 of Figure 1 and showing the tailstock spindle, the motor driven connections for advancing the spindle, and the motor circuit control means for regulating the degree of actuation of the spindle.

Figure 6 is a view from the right hand end of Figure 5, as indicated by the line 6-6 of said figure, and partly broken away to show more clearlythe means for securing and guiding the tailstock housing on and along the bed.

Figure 7 is a view taken on the line of 3 Figure l with parts broken away to show more clearly the front cross slide, the swivel mounting, the operating motors and motor-controlling parts.

Figure 8 is a perspective schematic sectionalized view of the front cross slide and the alternative drives therefor at different speeds, together with the motor controlling means.

Figure 8A is va-detail view of one of the two magnetic clutch-brake inechanisms'used in the drive shown at Figure 8 and sectionalized to show the construction thereof in greater detail.

Figure 9 is a section taken on the line 9- 9 of Figure '7, showing in greater detail the alternative variable-speed drive of Figure 8.

Figure 10 is a section taken upon the line II0 of Figure 9 showing the cross'slide; actuating screw and driving mechanism extending from the change speed gear compartment.

Figure 11 shows a section taken upon the line IIII, Figure 9, and showing the cross slide, driving screw, and a portion of the drive to said screw extending into the change gear compartment.

Figure 12 is a sectional view of a portion of one'of the several motor switch control drums used in our lathe.

Figure 13 is a plan view of one of the drums of Figure 12 showing the helical arrangement of holes therein and the graduations thereon.

Figures 14 to 18, inclusive, are wiring diagrams showing the connections between the generators and the several motors employed for operating the various units of the lathe.

Figure 19 is a wiring diagram of the contact blades used to control the energization of the electro-magnetic clutches and brakes of the front and rear cross slides.

Figure 20 is a wiring diagram showing the operating solenoids for the various relays and also the stop switches that control the operation of the several operating coils of the entire machine whereby a completely integrated lathe is provided.

Figure Z'L is awiring diagram showing the connections to the various-motor and generator'field circuits.

Figure 22= is a view showing the ratchet mechanism operating one of the step-by-step switches of Figure 20.

H eadstock unit Referring in detail to the drawings wherein like reference characters refer to corresponding parts throughout,. and particularly to Figure 1, the. numeral I0 identifies the lathe bed. This bed may consist of a conventional bench or table provided with legs or a cabinet base having. compartments for coolant-circulating means, tools, accessories and auxiliary parts for use in connection with the lathe. A headstock II comprises a hollow casting that, asseen at Figure 2, has a base IIa adapted to be secured to bed I0 as bybolts, not shown. A spindle I2 is journaled attheleft or outboard end, as seen in Figure 2, by -ai.b'earing .l3'heldin place by cap I4, and at the inner or, work-supporting end, by bearings I and I6 mounted in .a cored pocket I! formed in the adjacent headstock wall. Sleeves I8' and I9; hold bearings I5 and IS in spaced relation within pocket IT. A cap ZD'isbolted to the headstock wall 'andacts, in conjunction with the wall of pocket H, to hold the. bearings against axialings by means of spacing collars 2I and 22 and lock nuts 23 and 2A. Numerals 25 and 26 indicate a conventional center and center sleeve. Spindle I2, as shown is hollow and has the standard camlock type nose. It will be understood that any other well-known type of spindle may be substituted, such as a threaded or flanged type nose.

A pulley 21 having V-grooves to accommodate a number of driving belts 28 is keyed to the outboard end of spindle I2. Belts 28 pass around and are adapted to be driven by a pulley 29 mounted upon the shaft 30 of headstock motor 3| adapted for mounting upon a block 32 fixed to bed ID;

The rear side'of the headstock housing is pro- 'vided with a flanged opening IIb conveniently shaped as shown at Figure 2. A number of interchangeable cover and bearing plates are adapted to be secured over this opening. One of these bearing plates is indicated at 33, Figure 3. Plate 33 has an internal reinforced bearing sleeve 33a bored to receive apair of spaced bearings 3k in which a shaft 35 is journaled. At its left end; shaft'35 carries one element of a cou-' pling 36, the other element of which is fixed onthe shaft of driving motor 3|. This motor is mounted upon a block-32a that may be bolted or otherwise suitably secured to bed I0 and of the proper height to locate the motor shaft into substantial alignment with shaft 35'. A bevelpin'io'n' 31 is secured to the inner endofshaft 35 and is in mesh with'a bevel gear 38 secured to spindle I2 within housing II' whereby the spindle may be driven at intermediatespeeds.

Figure 4 shows the headstock equipped for slow speed driving. When such a slow speed drive 'is'desired, bearing plate 33 is replaced by a plate 33 of the same contour and general construction as plate 33', but having its sleeve 39a positioned lower than sleeve 3321;,and' formed to accommodate spaced bearings '49. The headstock housing II is formed internally with an opening 4| positioned'to receive a bearing 42in alignment with bearings 40; A shaft'4'3 is mounted in bearings 40' and 42 and has a Worm 44 fixed thereon and in mesh with a worm gear 45 fixed to spindle I2 within housing II. A motor 3| is mounted upon a block 326 bolted tov bed I0 and of the proper height to bring its shaft into substantial alignment with shaft 43. A'c'oupling 36' connects the motor shaft to shaft 43 whereby the spindle may be driven at slow speeds such as might be required for heavy cuts or large work pieces.

From Figure 2, it will be noticed that, because of the stepped arrangement of spindle I2, it may be removed in an axial direction to the right by the simple procedure of removing pulleys 21 and nuts 23 and 24. The spindle has its portion to the left of the threads accommodating nut 23, formed with a key way. Both bevel gear 38 and worm gear 45 have hubs formed to fit this portion of the spindle. Thus, when a lathe is ordered that is to be used for slow speed work, a standard headstock housing II is fitted to bed If). A worm gear 45 is keyed t spindle I2, a shaft 43 and worm 44 are fitted in place and a bearing plate 39 is bolted in place. Bed 32b and motor 3I are then secured in' place and the headstock is complete. When an intermediate or bevel gear drive is ordered; the only changes necessary are the substitution of gear 38 for hearing plate 33,

shaft 35, and motor block. 32a. Furthermore; either of the drivesof Figures'3 and 4 may be quickly converted to a high speed belt drive simply by removing plate 33 or 39 as the case may be, together with shafts 35 or 43, placing a pulley 21' on the outboard end of spindle l2, turning motor 3| through 90 on either base 32a or 32b, and coupling its shaft to spindle I2 by a pulley and belts of the proper length. Not only is it possible to thus quickly make up a headstock from standard parts having the desired speed characteristics, but also, by the purchase of a relatively few parts, a user may quickly change his headstock from one type of drive to another.

From the foregoing description, it will be clear that bases 32a and 52b difier in height or thickness only, and that each is so designed that it may be bolted to bed In with the shaft of motor 3| normal 'to, or parallel to, the axis of spindle l2.

When parallel, the motor is positioned so that belt pulley 29 in proper position upon motor shaft 30, will be in alignment with pulley 21.

Tailstock unit The tailstock unit is designated generally by the numeral 56, Figures 1, 5 and 6. As shown at Figure 6, bed Ill is formed with an undercut slot 46 extending parallel to the axis of spindle I2 but somewhat offset from said axis. This slot is in communication with a channel 41 having upwardly and outwardly sloping sides and opening into the finished top supporting surface Illa of a thickened and reinforced portion of bed Ill. The tailstock housing 48 is hollow and shaped as shown at Figures 1, 5 and 6, to have a finished lower surface 48a resting on surface Illa. The base of housing 48 is formed with a pair of upstanding lugs 48b only one of which is shown 1 within a channel 480 opening into the finished 1 lower face of tailstock housing 48 and has a projecting portion shaped to accurately fit the channel 41 in bed l0. As shown at Figure 6, the bolts 49 and 50' may pass through holes in block 52. Said block is of sufiicient length so that, when clamped to bed It], housing 48 is held with its tailstock barrel in precise alignment with the spindle axis of headstock ll. Bolts 49 and '50 extend through and above the housing 48 and have nuts 53 and 54. When these nuts are loosened, housing 48 may be slid along channel 41 to a desired position, after which they are turned down to rigidly fix the housing 48 in said position.

Housing 48 is provided with an integral cylindricalenlargement 48d, offset from clamp bolts 49 and 50' as shown at Figure 1, and having a bore 481 (Figure 5) in precise alignment with the axis of spindle [2. A spindle 55 has a snug fit within bore 46) and at its forward end is bored to receive anti-friction bearings 56, 51 and 58 for a live center 59. Forward bearing 56 is maintained in position by threaded enclosure 60 of spindle 55 and plate 6|. Rear axial bearing '58 is mounted to move with axial movement of spindle 55. The thrust load on center 59 is taken by thrust bearing 51 and for protection to this hearing, a spring thrust washer 62 and spool 63 are interposed between the bearing 51 and a retainer plate 59a abutting a shoulder on spindle 55.

Spindle 55 is drilled through to provide a space to receive tailstock screw 64 which is provided with a smooth rear section 64a journaled within a; bore in plate 65. This plate has: a threaded Pr i engaging e ad a en i ernal threads of bore 48f. A thrust collar 64b is formed on screw 64 between its threaded and smooth portions and a thrust bearing 66 is located between this collar and the adjacent end of projection 65a. At its end opposite center 59, spindle 55 is bored to receive a spindle nut 61. This nut is radially afiixed to spindle 55 by a, key 68. A compensating spring 69 is interposed between nut 61 and the adjacent counterbored end of spindle 55; The nut 61 and spring 69 are held axially by said counterbored end and a retainer plate 10 fastened to the end of spindle 55 by small screws, not shown. The outboard end' of screw 64 has a reduced portion 640 supported in a bearing in a worm housing H secured to plate 65 by screws, not shown. A worm gear 12 is keyed to portion 640 within housing H and meshes with a worm 13 mounted upon a shaft 14 journaled in "appropriate bearings, not shown, carried by said housing. I A motor 15 is bolted to an integral projection 489 (Figure 1) of housing 46 in position so that its shaft 15a is in alignment with shaft 14 and is coupled thereto by coupling 16. Thus, as motor 15 is rotated in one direction or the other, screw 64 is rotated in a corresponding direction, and acts through nut 61 to advance or retract spindle 55 and center 59. A casting E7 of general U-shape, in cross section (see Figure 6), is affixed by screws, not shown, to a plane surface finished on the top of portion 48d and has its inner surfaces formed to slidably guide a switch bar 18 in the direction of its longitudinal dimension and parallel to' the axis of spindle 55. A slot 48c is formed through the top of portion 48d and is elongatedv in the direction of the spindle axis. A pin 19, Figure 5, projects through this slot 48c and engages a hole in spindle 55 at one end, and a hole in switch bar 18 at its other end, whereby, the bar is slid in exact synchronism with the spindle. Bar 18 projects rearwardly, as clearly shown at Figure 5, and carries thereon a micro-switch 80 provided with a plunger 86a extending downwardly adjacent the surface of a drum 8|. This drum 8! is fixed to the projecting end 640 of tailstock screw 64 by a nut 82.

As indicated at Figure l, and in greater detail at Figures 12 and 13, drum BI is provided with a series of radial holes 8la. These holes are drilled at equally-spaced angular intervals about the periphery of the drum on a helix that has a pitch the same asthe pitch of the threads on screw 64. Each hole is adapted to receive and frictionally hold a stop button 83 having a head 83a and a slotted shank 8312. Head 830. is of the proper thickness to engage and actuate switch plunger 89a when the latter is translated with its bar 18, into the path of the rotating button; As an example, the pitch of the helix on which holes 8 la are drilled, and the corresponding pitch of screw 64, may be .250 inch, while 25 holes may be drilled at equally spaced intervals for each convolution of the helix. Thus the distance between any two consecutive holes will correspond to an axial movement of .010 inch of the spindle. It will be understood that other pitches of helix and other angular spacing of the holes may be selected, as desired. Graduations 8| b may conveniently be applied to drum 8| for aid in correctly positioning button 83, as shown at Figure 13.

As will be subsequently described, the switch 80 is connected in a control circuit for motor 15 whereby actuation of the switch stops motor 1.5

wii gifjspiifid e 55 and center 59 have been advanced a dlstanoe'determined in a precise manner by the particular hole into which button 83 has been placed.

The front cross slide and drive therefor 7 Referring more particularly to l igures 1, 7, 8, 9,10 and ll, bed I carries a base 84 whose upper surface is formed with a dove-tailed guideway 84a toslidablyreceive the corresp ondingly dovetailed projection 85a of cross slide 85 whereby slide 85 is guided for translation ina direction perpendicular to the headstock and tailstock spindle axes. h A nut member 881s secured within a, channel 85b formed on the under side of slide 85. It be noted from Figure '7 that base 84 is in the form of a hollow casting forming a housing for a variable speed drive for slidefifi. This drive may include a reversible motor 81 having a shaft 311;. Motor 8] is attachedto the exterior wallof a cover plate 84b of base 84, as shown at Figure 9 with its shaft projecting into said base where it carries a pinion 88, A pair of parallel shafts 83 and Marc journaled in bearings SI, 32, 93 and 94 carried by bosses 84c and 84d formed integrally with, or rigidly attached to aportion of base 84. At one end, shaft 90 has a pinion 95 fixed thereto and in mesh with pinion 88. The housing 96 of an electromagnetic clutch is fixed to the other end of shaft 90 and carries a coil 96a connected to be energized by slip rings 95b contacted respectively by brushes 9'I RingsSSbare insulated from each other and from housing 96, by insulation ring 98, e e r r I-Iousing 84 is formed at its left hand end as seen in Figure 9, to receive and support a pair of large ball bearings 09 and I00. These bearings rotatably support the casing IEIb of a differential I0I. At its right hand end this casing has a boss IOIa bored to receive bearings I02 which, in turn rotatably support a shaft I03 aligned with shaft, 90. At one end, shaft I03 has one bevel pinion I04 of differential IOI affixed thereto, and at its other end, an armature I05 is splined to .a sleeve I05a that, in turn, is pinned to shaft I03. On the side of armature I05 opposite housing 96, a housing I06 and coil I060 of :an 'electro-magnetic brake is secured to housing '84. r As previouslystated armature IE5 is splined to shaft I03 so that when coil 96a is energized, said armature is attracted and moved axially into engagement with housing 96, 'to thereby drivingly couple shaftbil to shaft I03. On the othrhand, when brake coil IIIEa is energized and clutch coil 35a tie-energized, armature I05 is drawn into contact with brake housing I06, the shafts 90 and I03 are uncoupled, and shaft I03 is locked against rotation. A spacer ring I01 separates bearing I03 from housinglflfi. and an oil seal I08 prevents the flow of lubricant from the differential IOI into the electro-magneti'c clutch.

Housing Hill) has a second bored boss I0ld journaled in bearing 99, and counterbored to receive bearings I09, in turn rotatably supporting a shaft IIO. Shaft IIilalso has a bearing III in the end wall 84c of base 84. A bevel pinion II2 forming a part of differential IOI, is fixed to an end of shaft III. while a pinion H3 is keyed to the other end of said shaft. Differential housing Hill) is generally cylindrical in shape and carries a diametrically-extending shaft IOIc on which are journaled a pair of planet bevel 'pinions H4 and H5, both meshing wifihpev'erpinio s I641 d u: "conv ntional anner. A large gear IIBfiS'keyed to boss 'IOId, fora purpose subsequently described. I

, Shaft 89 has alfeady been described. This shafthas a gear III fixed to o'ne end and in mesh with motor gear 88 and, at'its other end, carries atom and housing of an electromagrietic "clutch II8. As this clutch is identical with clutch 96, previously described, it is believed to be sufficient merely to point out coil llliqfslip rings II8b, insulator ring H80 and bfu'shesIIO, v V

Base 84 is formed with a bore I20. Bearings IZI and I22 fit this bore and support a shaft I23.. A .worm I24 is s'ecured to shaft I23 between be aring's I2 I and I22. An armature I2'I is splined to a co'llar I26 secured on thereldu cd end of shaft I23. As these parts are all'idem' tical with those of electro-magnetic brake I06, previously described, it is chnsidered unnecessary to describe these elements in detail. It will'be noted thatwlien the coil II8d is energ'iz'ed 'armature H1 is attracted and'inovcl axially into engagement with clutch housing II8 to couple shafts 83 and I23, while, when the con Ia of brake I25 is energized and can I lad is" de energized'ain'iature I21 and shaft I23 are locked. 4

Referring to Figure 11," it will 'be 'fioted that a shaft I28 is joui 'naled by bearing I29 and I30 in abocket I31 in base 84 and has fixed thereto a worm gear I3I. V Shaft I28 extends into a cored pocket I 32 in base 84, where it carries a change gear I33; Shaft I28 is positioned at right angles to shaft I23 and the worm gear I3I'is m'mesh with the worm I24 on shaft I23. A second shaft I34 is journaled by bearings I35 and'I3S mounted in a pocket I38, as 'seenin Figui'e'lli. Shaft I34 is parallel tofsliaft'l28 andprojects into pocket I32 where it carries a 'cha'nge gear I39, in mesh with gear I33. A cover plate I40 closes pocket I32 and by removal of this cover, various pairs of change gears may be substituted for I33 and I39 whereby a presel'ected'sped ratio between shafts I28 and I34 may be; chosen. I

-A worm MI is fixedto shaft I34 between bearings I35 and I36, to mesh with a worm gear I42 keyed; to ashaft I43. From Figure 9 it will be seen that shaft. I43 is journaled in bearings I44 and I45 mounted within bore I20 so shafts I23 and I43 arein alignment. Shaft I 43 projects into a compartment in one end of -base 84 iiihere it has a gear I40 keyed thereto'meshing withgear IIO, previously described. Gear II3, fixed to shaft IIO has been described. This gear meshes with an idler I41 that, in turn, mesheswith a gear I48, keyed on the reduced end of a shaft I49, in turn journaled in plain bearings I and I5I carried in opposite walls 84c and 84b. The end of shaft I49 opposite gear I48, projects through Wall 0412 and has aiiixed thereto'as by a key I 49a and nut I491), adrum I52 that may be similar in all respects to drum 8 I previously described.

"Gear II3 also meshes with and drives a :gear I53, and to avoid confusion, this gear is shown at Figure 8 as broken into upper and lower halves. Gear I53 meshes with a gear I54 fixed upon a screw shaft I55 engaging nut 86, previously described. From Figure 1 it will be noted that cross slide carries a rearwardly-projecting switch bar 850 having a micro-switch 85d thereon overlying and closely adjacent drum I52. As in the case of drum 8|, drum I52 carriesa pluralityof holes arranged along a helix about the drum, any one of which may receive buttons for the actuation of switch 8511. The manner in which switch 85d is connected to control the motor 81 and coils 96a, I06a, H641, and I25a will be subsequently described in connection with the wiring circuit.

When motor 81 is operating and coil 96a is energized, shafts 90 and I03 are coupled. At the same time brake coil I06 and clutch coil H8a are de-energized, while brake coil I 2511 is energized to lock shaft I23. At this time, the drive from motor 81 proceeds by way of gears 88, 95, shafts 90, I03 to gear I04. As shaft I23 is locked because of energization of coil I25a, gear H6 and housing IOIb are also fixed against rotation. Thus the drive to gear I04 proceeds through planetary gears H4 and H5, to gear H2, thence to shaft H0, gears H3, I53, I54, and screw shaft I55 to nut 86 and slide 85. Slide 85 and the tools carried thereby are rapidly traversed toward the work. At a desired point in the rapid traverse, as will be subsequently described, a button on drum I52 operates switch 85d which, through appropriate relays, de-energizes clutch coil 96a and brake coil I25a, and energizes clutch coil H811 and brake coil I06a. Shafts 89 and I23 are thereby connected for conjoint rotation, while shaft I03 and its differential gear I04, are locked against rotation.

A slow feeding drive is now imparted to slide 85 from motor 81 by way of gears 88, H1, shafts 89 and I23, worm I24, gear I3I,shaft I28, change gears I33 and I39, shaft I34, worm I4I, gear I42, shaft I43, and gear I46 to gear H6 affixed to differential housing IOIb. As gear I04 is fixed at this time, the drive continues from housing Hill) to shaft IOIc, gears H4 and H5, gear H2, shaft H and thence to screw shaft I55 as previously traced. Because of the speed reduction effected by worm and gear connections I24, I3I and MI, I42, the drive just traced affords a slow feeding traverse of slide 85; and by the selection of the proper pair of speed change gears, I33 and I39, the tools on slide 85 may be moved into the work at the proper speed. At the proper time .as will be subsequently explained, motor 81 is reversed and coils I 25a and 96a are energized while- I I8a and I06a are de-energized. Rapid retraction of slide 85 is thereby effected until motor 81 is deenergized to complete a cutting cycle.

From Figure '1, it will be noted that slide 85 is provided with a circular T-slot 856. A sub-base I56 is mounted upon a pivot bearing, I58, Figure 7, that is carried by slide 85 concentric of slot 85c. T-head bolts I51, Figure 1, have their heads riding in slot 85c and project through holes in sub-base I56 so that, when nuts I51a are tightened said sub-base may be locked in a selected position of pivotal adjustment upon slide 85. Base I56 has a dovetailed groove 30I extending diametrically of pivot I58 to receive and guide a complimentary top slide I59. This slide carries at one end a motor I60 having a shaft extending into a gear housing I6I where it has a worm I62 secured thereto. This worm meshes with a worm gear I63 keyed to feed shaft I64, in turn, journaled in top slide I59 upon an axis extending parallel to the direction of motion of slide I 59 upon sub-base I56. A smooth end of shaft I64 projects exteriorly of slide I59 and there carries a perforated drum I65 similar in all respects to drum 8I previously described. Thrust upon shaft I 64 is taken by bearings I 61 and I68 mounted at either side of worm gear I63.

A nut I66 is secured to sub-base I56 and extends upwardly into a channel formed in top slide I59. Shaft I64 engages a threaded hole in nut I66. As shown at Figure 7, sub-base I56 has a switch bar-I56a .extending'therefrom parallel to the direction of screw I64. A microswitch I56b is fixed to the end of arm I56a so that its plunger isclosely adjacent the surface of drum I65 and may be actuated by buttons selectively positioned upon the surface of said drum, as described in connection with drum 6|, Figure 13. Switch I56b is connected in a controlling circuit for motor I60 as will be later described. 7

The conventional method of operating the car-j riage and slides of a lathe is by means ofshafts' and gears linked to and driven by the main motor of the lathe. Our present invention,,to the contrary, uses a top swivelling slide, with individual motor for operating it and a bottom slide also having its own motor and driving means. It will be noted that top Slide I59. can easily be removed, leaving the bottom slide '85 intact. Top slide I 59 may be, I conveniently formed with a T-slot ,I59a by which any tools desired may be attached thereto for operation upon a work piece held between centers 25 and 59. By swivelling base I56 upon cross slide 65, the direction of translation of top slide I59 may be placed at any desired angle with respect to the axis of rotation of the work as determined by the aforesaid centers- The rear cross slide is similar in all respect to the front cross slide, and may be similarly operated. In short the only difference between the two, apart from location, is that the subbase I56 and the parts carried thereby, are omitted. For this reason it is deemed unnecessary to show and describe the rear cross slide in detail and, referring to Figure 1, it will be sufficient, merely to identify'base I69, slide,l10 and its T-slot I10a,.switch bar H01), and micro-. switch I100. Motor I1I corresponds to, motor I60, and may be connected by a similar drive to slide I10 by the mechanism previously decribed in connection with Figures. 9, 10 and 11. A drum I12 is mounted upon a shaftrotated in 1 to 1, relation with the feed screw for slide I13 and may carry buttons selectively adjustable for actuation of switch I and control of motor I'II. Thus both front and rear cross slides may be used alternatively or simultaneously, as desired or as required by the char.- acteristics of a particular job.

The electrical circuit Our invention includes novel means for energizing the various circuits by which motors 3I, 15, 81, I60 and HI as well as electro-magnetic brake and clutch coils 96a, I06a, H811, and I25a, are energized and deenergized. At Figure 22 is shown a ratchet relay mechanism of which a number are used in the electrical hookup. As shown, a slide 200 fits within-abore 25H for straight line movement. A rod 202 is attached at one end to slide 200 and at its other end to the core 203 of a coil I80. Slide 200 has a pawl 205, pivoted on a pin 206 and urged toward counterclockwise rotation as seen in Figure 22, by a spring 201. Pawl 205 is mounted within an opening 200a in slide 200 and has a nose 205a engaging a pin 208 carried by slide 200 and projecting into said opening and preventing counter-clockwise rotation of pawl 205. A plug 209 may be threaded within the forward end of bore 20I to form, with the adjacent end of slide 2%, stops for a coilspring 21D surrounding' rod292 and urging plunger 203 and slide 296 to'the' right." Movement of these parts to the right is limited by a key 211 passing through an aperture in rod 2132 and, in the position shown, engagingplug 209.

A ratchet' wheel 212 is fixed to a shaft 213 indicated by a dot-dash line. A coil spring 214 has one end fixed to shaft'213 and its other end to afixedsurface, whereby to urge shaft 213 into clockwise rotation; Such rotation is limited by a'relay contact arm 215 fixed on said shaft and a pin 216 lying in the path of said arm. A stop latch 211 is provided for wheel 212 and is slidablym'ounted in a fixed guide 218 A rod 219connects'latch 211 to a core 220 of a solenoid or (50111269 that,. as shown, is connected by'arline 222 to one terminal 224, of contact arm 215; A compression spring 223 within guide 218, urges" latch l 211 into engagement with ratchet wheel. 212, as will be clear from inspection of Figure 22;

Thenumberand. spacing of teeth or projections on wheel 212 corresponds to the number, including the position at the pin 216, and spacing ofcontacts over'which arm 2l5.moves, and it will beclear from Figure 22 that each time coil 18!! is'energized, pawl 205 is advanced into contactiwith wheel 212 and rotates the same one step against the resistance of spring 214, to thereby move. arm 215 from one contact to the next succeeding contact. As the arm moves into engagement with said next succeeding contact 1atch'211 snaps intoip'osition' behind a teeth of wheel'212 and prevents retrograde rotation of said wheel when, under urge of spring 21! slide 200. and pawl 205 are'moved to the position shown. However, when coil 269 is energized as arm'215 engages contact'224, latch 21'i is retracted" from .contact'with wheel 212: and, under urge of'sprin'g 214, arm 215' is rotated to its initial position against stop pin 216. A total of four contacts, 224 to 221, inclusive, are shown in Figure 22.

Injthe.wiring diagram. of Figure 20, four of these'ratchet relay. mechanisms are used. Each is identical withthe others except for the number of contacts over. which its arms moves and, of course, the number of teeth on its ratchet wheel. Figures 14 to 18,. inclusive, show the armature circuits for theseveral motors 31, 15, 81, 150 and 111, and it will be noticed that D. C. motors are used in each instance and that each is supplied with current byitsown individual generator which is identified by the same reference numeral as itsmotor, with the letter G added. In practice all generators 31G, 15G, etc., are driven from'the same A. C. motor, not shown. Each motor has a reversing connection in its circuit, and motors 31, 1'5 and 160 have dynamic brake resistors 111, 2911and 184, respectively, connected across their armatures, which act to bring the respective armatures to a quick stop when the energization circuits are opened and the dynamic braking circuits closed.

Figures 14 through 21 are interconnected by actuating rods which connect the relays and the relay contacts actuated thereby. These actuating' rods have'vbeen designated by a prime, (l of the reference character of the respective relay.

Referring to Figure 14, generator 1116 has its armature connected with the armature of motor 111, through a relay coil 289, normally generator. Reversing connections are provided including normally open blades 2610. and 2810. The purpose of coil 28i1'is to cut out resistance in the field coils of motor 111 when saicl motor has been brought up to a predetermined speed. This will be clear from a consideration of Figure 21, where it will be noted'that energization of coil 286 (Figure 14) acts to close blades 253a and hence to short adjustable rheostat 235 of motor field coils 111 Similarly, motor-generator sets -'-168G; 15-15G; 81-81G;' and Ell-31G, each have relay coils 281, 282, 283 and 234, respectively, in their main circuits. Each coil, when energized as the current therein rises above a predetermined valve, acts to close blades identified on Figure 21 by the same numeral with the letter a, whereby all resistances in the circuit of its field coils are cut out. As the operation of these auxiliary relays is obvious, it is deemed unnecessary'to describe each one in detail.

All five of the motors used are controlled by conventional variable field, variable armature voltage control using D. C. motor-generators and variable speed D. C'. motors. These controls will be described briefly by reference to Figure 21, where the field coils of the respective motors are identified as 111 IBM, 15f, 811 and 31), while the field coils of the corresponding generators, are identified as 111g, 1609, 15g, 81g and 31g reading from bottom to top of said figure in both cases.

Motor field coils 111! are in series with an adjustable rheostat 285 when blades 28011 are open. Likewise generator field coils 111g are in series with an adjustable rheostat 285a. Rheostats 285 and 285a are mechanically connected, as indicated by the double dotted line for adjustment in unison, whereby the field characteristics of both motor and generator are simultaneously adjusted.

Motor field coils 161 have a pair of parallel connected rheostats 240 and 286 in their circuit. Each rheostat has its counterpart 240a and zsea, similarly connected in the circuit of generator field coils 169g. Rheostats 240' and 240a are mechanically connected for simultaneous adjustment. The same is true of rheostats 286 and 286a. Motor field coils 15] have a pair of parallel connected rheostats 281 and 288 in their circuit. Each has a counterpart 281a and 288a in the circuit of generator field coils 159. Each pair 281, 281a and 288, 288a are mechanically connected for simultaneous adjustment. Field coils 81f have a rheostat 289 in their circuit and generator field coils 81g have a corresponding rheostat 289a in their circuit, the two rheostats being mechanically connected, as previously described. Likewise rheostats 118 and 118a, mechanically connected, are in the circuits of motor field coils 31f and generator'field coils 31g, respectively. The operation of the contact blades controlling the respective circuits will be subsequently explained. The arrangement of armature circuits of the motors 160, 15, 81, and 31, shown at Figures l5, 16, 1'7 and 18, respectively, will be obvious upon inspection, in view of the foregoing description.

Referring to Figure 20, the main supply lines are indicated at L1 and L2. A headstock motor relay coil 113 is connected in series in a line 114 extending between lines L1 and L2 by way of the paralleled normally open contacts 113 and 1880, and the normally closed contacts 258k. The contacts 113; provide a holding circuit for the relay 113 which are closed by energization of coil Energization of coil 113 also operates to 13 close normally open blades HM and I13b, Figure 18, and to open normally closed blades I13e connected in series with a dynamic brake resistor I11 of conventional design and intended to stop motor 3I quickly when the circuit thereto from generator 3IG is opened. Energization of relay coil I13 also acts to open the normally closed blades I130, Figure 21, of a shunt circuit I180 for the circuit of the field coils 3If of motor 3|. When blades I13c are closed, adjustable rheostat I18 is shunted. However, when said blades are open, current through field coils 3| must flow through resistor I18 whereby the speed of motor .3I may be varied in a well-known manner in not shown. Such main drive motor may also drive an exciter generator for supplying a control voltage across the lines LI and L2, thus all generators will rotate and a control voltage will be applied across lines LI and L2 at the same time.

The control voltage will energize the coils IA, 2A, 3A and 4A to advance the arm of the respective step relays I, 2, 3 and 4 to the first contact 221, 295, 298 and 291, respectively. Since the last three mentioned contacts are blank, no electrical conditions are changed. However, when arm 2I5 of the step relay I advances to contact 221, the tailstock motor forward relay I83 is energized, closing normally open blades I83a. and I831),

Figure 16, to thereby close the armature circuit of motor 15 and start the latter. At the same time, normally closed blades I83g are opened, thus cutting out of the circuit the dynamic brake resistor 290. Referring to Figure 21, it will be noted that energization of relay coil I83, as aforesaid, also acts to close blades I830 and I83d to thereby close a circuit from line LI, blades I83d, rheostat 288a and blades I 830, to line L2. Closure of blades I830 also acts to energize the. field coils 15g of generator 15G from line LI, coils 159, line I81, the effective portion of rheostat 288a, and blades I830 to line L2. At the same time, blades I83e, Figure 21, are closed, to thereby close a circuit through the field coils 15f of motor 15 by way of line LI coil 15f, rheostat 281, and blades I83e to line L2. Also normally closed blades I831 are opened, to make certain that the shunt circuit I85 remains open at this time. Generator 15G thereupon delivers current to motor 15 which rotates at a speed dependent upon the adjustment of rheostats 281 and 238a, as will be understood. Motor 15 now drives the tailstock center in to engage the work. When switch 80 moves ofi the outer stop button on drum 8| as its bar 18 advances with spindle 55, said switch opens. A second button is positioned upon drum 8I to again close switch 88 after the taillstock center has advanced the desired amount, that is, the amount necessary to engage and rotatably support the work piece. This again energizes coil IA and causes its ratchet mechanism to advance arm 2I5 another step to terminal 226, thus deenergizing coil I93 and opening blades I83a, b, c, d, and e to stop motor 15 and energizing relay coil I88. The closing of blades I831 puts full 14 field on the motor 15, to thus aid'the dynamic braking caused by closing of blades I83g.

It will be noted from Figures 17 and 21, that the armature circuit of motor-generator 8 81G, is normally closed. This is true also of their field circuits, so that motor81 begins to run as soon as the motor driving generator 81G is started. However, as the circuits ofclutch coils 96a and H80. are open at this time, as will be noted by reference to Figure 19, operation of motor 81 has no effect upon the machine. It will also be noted that the circuits of brake coils M611 and I 25a are normally closed so that energization thereof takes place as soon as the master switch, not shown, is closed. Energization of coil I88, as aforesaid, closes blades I88, Figure I9, and energizes rapid traverse clutch coil 960., by way of line Ll, blades I88a, line I90, coil 96a, to line L2. Armature I 85 is thereby attracted to connect shafts and I03, and, as brake coil I25 a is energized, the cross slide 85 is thereby rapidly moved towardthe work piece rotating between centers 25 and 59. The contacts I881) open to de-energize the front RT brake I08a. Contacts I880 close to energize the headstock motor relay I13, and start the headstock motor 3 I. The contacts I13j close to establish a holding circuit for the relay I13. As soon as slide 85 starts to move, it moves switch 85d off the rear limit stop button on drum I52 and opens the same. As soon as the rapid traverse stop button on drum I52 engages and again closes switch 85d, coil 2A is energized and moves arm 228 of relay 2 into engagement with its first contact 229. Current now flows from line LI through arm 228, contact 229, line 234 and coil 236 to line L2. Energization of coil 23B closes blades 236a, Figure I9, and energizes front feed clutch coil So, by way of line LI, blades 238a, line 235 and coil I I80. to line L2. Coil 236 also acts to open blades 2352), and de-energize the coil I25a of feed brake 125. It also acts to open normally-closed blades 2360, Figure 20, and thus de-energize coil I88, whereby the circuit through coil 98a of rapid traverse clutch 96 is opened and shaft 90 is uncoupled from shaft I03. Also blades I881) arepermitted to close, thus energizing coil IIIBa of a rapid traverse brake and locking shaft I03. ,Shafts 88 and I 23 are thus locked together by energization of clutch coil H801. and feeding movement of front slide 85 now proceeds at a greatly reduced rate by way of change gears I33 and I39, as previously explained, whereby a tool on top slide I59 is fed into the work.

Upon contacting the stop button on drum I52, switch 85d is again closed, energizing relay coil 2A and advancing arm 228 of ratchet relay 2 to contact 230. This acts to de-energize relay coil 238 and to open blades 238a and close 2361; whereby coil I I8a is de-energized to disconnect shafts 89 and I23 and to energize brake coil I25a, thus stopping the transverse feed, since clutch coil 96a is also open at this time. Motor 81 con tinues to rotate, however.

With contact 230 closed, the front longitudinal relay coil 239 is energized by way of line LI, arm 228, contact 230, normally closed blades 2450, line 238 and coil 239 to line L2. This acts to close blades 239a and 23%, Figure 15, to connect longitudinal feed motor I60 with its generator IGIJG. At the same time blades 2390, 239d and 239e, Figure 21, are closed while blades 239f and 2399 are opened, thus connecting the resistance 240 in series with-the field coils I 60! of motor I60, and also energizing the generator field coils I609 153 of generator l60 G by way of lineLI, coils I 809, line I 92, rheostat 248a, and blades 23%, to line L2. Also, the dynamicbraking resistor :84 is removed from its, shunt across the motor armature I60. Motor I60 now startsand as the stop button on drum I65 moves, switch I5Sb is opened. The top slide I59 and its cutting tool are now :fed longitudinally along the work. At a desired point in the movement of slide I59, switch IE6?) is again closed by a button properly positioned on drum I65, thus energizing coil 3A of ratchet relay 3 whereby arm 24I of said relay is advanced one step into contact with contact 242, thus energizing relay coil 245 by way of line LI, arm 24!, contact. 242, normally closed contact 2510, line 246. and coil 245 to line L2. Energization of coil 24,5 acts to relay power to the rear traverse clutch coil 293, Figure 19, by closure of blades245a and to open blades 24-5?) to de-energize rear rapid traverse brake coil 294. Also blades 245a in the circuit of relay coil 239 are opened, thusstopping the, longitudinal feed. As blades. 251a of rear feed clutch coil 29I are open while blades 25?!) of rear feed brake coil 292 are closed at this time,

motor I'lI is connected to provide rapid in-traverse to rear slide I10, and upon movement of the rear slide I10, the switch I100 opens.

When the rear slide I has reached the limit of its in-traverse as determined by the adjusted position of a button on drum I12, switch I180 is closed by said button, thus, energizing coil 4A of ratchet relay 4 and advancing its arm 241 into contact with terminal 246. This movement of arm 241 acts to energize relay coil 251. Energization of coil 251 closes blades 251a, Figure 19, and energizes the coil H of the rear feed clutch, while at the same time opening lades 25112 to de-energize coil 292 of the rear feed brake. This acts to connect motor I1! through the feed drive, as explained in connection with Figure 9, and to advance the tool on slide I10 into the work at thev proper feeding speed. Contacts 2510 are opened to de-energize the rear traverse coil 245. Switch I10c again opens upon movement of the slide I10.

When the rearslide, I10 has reached. the limit of its feed travel as determined by a button on drum I12, switch I100 is again closed thereby, moving arm 241 of ratchet relay 4 .to contact terminal 248, thus energizing relay coil 259 by way of line LI, arm 241, contact 249, line 254 and coil 259 to line L2. Energization of a time delay relay coil 259 acts to open the blades 259a, Figure 20, which close again after a predetermined length of time, thereby moving all ratchet relay arms 2I5, 228, 24I and 241 one step into engagement with contacts 225, 23I, 243 and 258, respectively. Movement of the arms of the ratchetrelays, as aforesaid, energizes relay coils 268, 265,, 285, 263, 26 I and 262. Energization of coil 262 closes blades 262a and opens blades 252b, Figure 19, thus energizing rear rapid traverse clutch 293 and de-energizing rear rapid traverse brake 294. Energization of coil 26I, acts to close blades 2am and 26Ic, Figure 14, and to open blades 26 lb and 28Id, thus reversing motor I1I as will be obvious from inspection of the figure. Energization of coil 263 operates to start motor I60 in the reverse direction by closure of blades 253a and 253?) and opening of blades 263g to cut out brake resistor I84, as will be clear from inspection of Figure 15. The field coils of motor I68 and generator IBEIG, are properly energizedby the closure of blades-263e, 2630 and 263d, and the opening of blades 2631,

respectively, Figure 21, as will be understoodfrom 16 previous descriptions. Motor I60 therefore acts to move top slide I59 toward starting position at a rapid traverse rate since rheostat 286 weakens motor field I60f.

Energization of relay coil 266, closes blades 256aand opens blades 28612, Figure 19, to energize front rapid traverse clutch coil 98a, and to deenergize front rapid traverse brake coil I06a. As front feed brake coil I25a is closed at this time, because of closureof blades 2361), while front feed clutch coil I I8a is de-energized, motor 81- is connected to effect rapid retraction of cross slide 85. Energization of relay coil 265, closes blades 285a and 2850 and opens blades 26512 and 265d for reversal of motor 81. As the field coils 81f and 819 are continuously energized, motor 81 is started in the reverse direction and rapid retraction of slide 85 takes place. As soon as the current builds up in the armature circuit of.mo-

tor 81, coil 293 is energized to close blades 293a, Figure 21, and short-circuit starting rheostat 289.

Energization of relay coil 268, closes blades 263a and 298b, Figure 16, to reverse the armature connections of motor 15, and to'open blades 268g in series with dynamic brake resistor 290.

'Also blades 2680, 268d, 268e and 268i, are operated, to condition the motor and generator field coils so that motor 15 now starts in the reverse direction to retract center 59 from the work. Contacts 268h are also opened to open the circuit to the headstock motor relay coil I13 thus stopping the headstock motor 3!.

As the slides return, the feed limit buttons on drums I52 and I12 contact and close the respective switches 85d and I100 to thereby energize coils 2A and 4A and advance ratchet relay arms 228 and 241 one step. This movement is without efiect since, as will be notedfrom Figure 20, terminals -23I and 232 are connected. as are terminals 250 and 25I. As the tailstock spindle 55 and, the slides 85, I59, and I10 reach their rapid traverse retraction position, switches 80, 8511, I581) and I100 are operated to energize coils 5A, 2A, 3A and 4A thus advancing all ratchet arms to their final position 224, 233, 244 and 252 thus energizing reset relay coils 269, 261, 264 and 280, respectively. Energization of eachof these coils. has the same effect as the energization, of coil 289 as. explained in connection with Figure 22 whereby all ratchet arms are released and each spring corresponding to spring 2I4, Figure 22, acts to return its relay arm to starting position whereby all motors and parts moved thereby are brought to rest in starting position. The completed work piece is now removed, and replaced by an unfinished work piece, whereupon another cycle of operation may be initiated. A start button I15 is provided in the, line I8I to start anew cycle of operation. Depression, and release of this start button I15 will advance all step relay arms to the first contact, thus initiating such new cycle.

Thus we have provided a machine which is extremely flexible in that the severalfunctions of the machine are automatically carried out and follow each other in proper sequence. Furthermore, merely by opening the circuit to their ratchet relay control coils, certain of the units may be cut out of operation, while the others will operate as intended and as described. For example, if a certain job does not require the use of rear slide i 10, the circuit211 may be opened and the tailstock', front cross slide and longitudinal motors 15-, 8'! and I80, will opera-teas described.

While the apparatus "disclosed and described *herein constitutes *a preferred form of the invention,-y'et"it"will beunderstood that the apparatus is "capable of alteration without departing from the-spirit of theinvention, and that all modifications that fall within the scope of the appended claims i are intended to 'be included herein.

'Having thus fully described "our invention, what we claim as'new' and-desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

'1.*In a machine tool having 'a bed and a'reference axis,"a' cross slide mounted on'sa'id'bed for translation toward and' from-said axisjanriving motor/a differential, a driving connection'between a first 'sideofsa'id difierentialand said cross 'slide," 'a' high speed 'drive 'betweensaid motor and asecond side "of said'differential, "a slow speed drive b'etween'said'motor andthe third side-of said differential, and meansdncluding "a switch "oper'ated'by mov'ement or said "slide to alternatively render said drives "eifecti've and ine'ifective.

"2. In a tool carriage for lathes, a basefa cross slide-guided on said base for-"translation, a motor, a'difierential, a firstdrive fromone side of said difierentialto said slide, a slow speed drive from saidmo'tor a sec'on'd'side of said differential and including changegears, a high'speed drive from-saidmotor'to the third 'side'of said differen- -tial,a"drum*connecte d to rotate in accordance with'translatio'n ofsaid slide, electro-magnetic --cl'utch means alternatively connecting and disconnectingsa'id slow speed and high'speeddrives,

a' circuitcontrolling said eIectro magnetic means and including a switch on said slide "adjacent -said drumfandmeansadjustably carried'bn the f periphery of said drum for" operating sa'id switch means at'pre'determined positions 'of said slide.

"3. In a' tool carr iag'e'for lathes, a base, across slideguide'd onand by said base for translation, 'a'difierential; a'first drive from 'onesi'dje of-said differential to said slide, a motor, "a first drive tial and 3 including "an electrof'rnagnetic cliitchja second drive'from 'said motor to the third side of said "differential and including an electrom'agnetic 'clutc'h,'a',drum rotated inti'nie d relation "with sai'd slide, a circuit for alternatively energi'zingsaidclutches, switch means forcontrolling said circuit' and carried on said sl'fde'adja'cent said "drum, "and means adjustable about the periphery of 'said' drum to operate said switch inpredter'minedposition of said'slide.

4. In a'ma'chine tool, a basefa toolslide on said lo'ase, "amotor carried by said'bas'e,'a high speed drive "between "said "motor and slide including a 'fi'rst'clutch, a feeding drive betweens'aid'mot'or a'n'd'slide including asecond clutch, 'a drum carried by said'base and rotatable in timed relation with movementof said slide, switch means on said slide and translatable along saiddrum in timedrelation with movement o'fsaid slide, a relay movable "successively into positions controlling s'aid 'inotor'and clutchesandmeans on s'aid drum successively operating said switch means to move said relay successively into said "positions -in a; desired sequence.

55in 'a'm'achi'ne toolfa base, a tool'slide'on said base, a motor carried *by' said-bas'e, -a high speed drive between said motor and slide and including a first'clutch,a'feeding drive between said motor and slide and including a second clutch and change speed gears, a drum carried by said base and connected for-rotation in timed relation with -moven'1ent' "of said slide, switch means on "said slide and translatable along said drum in timed relation with: movementfiof said slide, there being a plurality of apertures-inpredetermined spaced relation on said drum, each aperture being adaptedto receive'a'switch actuating button, and a'relay switch arm movable successively into positions controlling said motor rand clutches, the buttons on said drum actuating 10' said relay switcbarm successively tions in adesired se'quence.-

said switch meansas said slide moves to move into said posi- 6.-In amachinet'ool, a firstmemberm'ovable with respect to armed point througha first cycle of operation, a second member'movable withrespect to'the fixed point through asecond 'cycle of operation, first drive means for driving "era'tion, second drive means for driving'the' secondmember through sdid-secondcycle of'operati'ononeof sa'id'first and second drive 'r'nea'ns including electrically actuated clutch and :brake mechanisms, first electrical control means 'for governing theifirst drive means-to m'ov'ethe first member through "said first cycle of ioperation, second electrical control means for governing the second drive'meansto move the second member through said second cycle of operation, first -means-responsive torthemovement'of the first 30 trol meansfandsecond means responsive to the memberformodifyi'ng the second electrical conmovement of the second memberfor modifying the first'electr'ical controlmeans.

'7. In a 'rna'chi'ne tool, a :movable member adap'tedtobe moved withrrespect to a reference pointthro'ugh a cycle of operation comprising a forward movement and a rearwardmovement, drive means for driving'the'member through'said cycle of operation, electrical'controlmeans 'includinga "switch forgoverning the drive means to drive the member through'the cycle of opera tion, engagement means movable in accordance with said member'for-engaging the switch'during both 'th'e"forw'ard i movement and the rear- "ward movemen't 'of tlie cycle of operation, said switch'during'the forward movement ofthe part of the 'cycle modifying the electrical control mcansto'c'hange the speedof thedrive means 'for' the remaining portion of theforward movenientof the cyclefineans for arresting the forward movement of'th'e member andinitiating the reverse movement'of the member'to return the member toitss'tarti'ng position, and means durand longitddinally with reference to the axis, first drivingineans for .driving the machine element transversely of the axis, second driving rne ansffor driving "the machine element longitudin'ally of the axis, first electrical control ,rneans for controlling the operation of the first driving Tineans and the transverse movement of the machine element, second electrical control means for controlling the operation of thesecond driving means and the longitudinal movement of the'machineelement, means forinitiating the operation ;of= the; first electrical control means for transversely moving the'machine element fromai'starting positionqtoward the' axis,

19 said first electrical control means governing'the first driving means and moving the machine element from said starting position at a first predetermined speed toward the axis, first means responsive to the transverse movement of the machine element for modifying the first electrical control means for moving the machine element toward the axis at a second predetermined speed as the machine element approaches the axis, second means responsive to the transverse movement of the machine element for arresting the transverse movement of the machine element and thereby determining the operating position of the machine element with reference to the axis, said second means also initiating the operation of the second electrical control means for moving the machine element longitudinally of the axis, and third means responsive to a predetermined longitudinal travel of the machine element with reference to the axis for arresting .versely and longitudinally back to its point of rest.

9. In a machine tool having a reference axis, a movable member to be reciprocally moved relative to the axis through a transverse cycle having a starting position and a'begin work operative position and through a longitudinal cycle including said begin work operative position and an end work operative position, first drive means for driving the movable member through said transverse cycle, second drive means for driving the movable member through said longitudinal cycle, first electrical control means for controlling the operation of the first drive means and the transverse movement of the movable member relative to the axis, second electrical control means for controlling the operation of the second drive means and the longitudinal movement of the movable member with respect to the axis, means for initiating the operation of the first electrical control means for moving the u movable member from said starting position transversely toward the axis, at a first speed, second means responsive to the transverse movement of the movable member for modifying the first electrical control means for moving the movable member toward the axis at a second predetermined speed as the movable member approaches the axis, third means responsive to the transverse movement of the movable member for changing the first electrical control means to arrest the transverse movement of the movable member at said begin work operative position and thereby determine the operating position of the movable member with reference to the axis, said third means also initiating the operation of the second electrical contral means for moving the movable member from said begin Work operative position longitudinally of the axis, and fourth means responsive to a predetermined longitudinal travel of the movable member with reference to the axis for changing the second electrical control means to arrest the longitudinal movement of the movable member at said end work operative position, said fourth means also initiating the reverse operation of the first and second electrical control means for returning the movable member through both the transverse cycle and the longitudinal cycle to its starting position.

10. In a machine tool having first and second movable members and a reference axis, said first movable member being reciprocally movable through an axially disposed cycle having a starting position and a working position, first drive means for driving the first movable member through said cycle, said second movable member adapted to be reciprocally moved relative to the axis through a transverse cycle having a starting position and a begin work operative position and through a longitudinal cycle including said begin work operative position and an end work operative position, second drive means for driving the second movable member through said transverse cycle, third drive means for driving the second movable member through said longitudinal cycle, first electrical control means for controlling the operation of the first drive means and the axial movement of said first movable ,member with respect to said axis, second electrical control means for controlling the operation of the second drive means and the transverse movement of the second movable member relative to the axis, third electrical control means for controlling the operation of the third drive means and the longitudinal movement of the second movable member with respect to the axis, means for initiating the operation of the first electrical control means for axially moving the first movable member from its starting position toward the axis, first means responsive to the axial movement of the first movable member for changing the first electrical control means to arrest the movement of the first movable member at said working position, said first means also initiating the operation of the second electrical control means for moving the second movable member from said starting position transversely toward the axis, saidsecond electrical control means governing the second drive means and moving the second movable member from said starting position at a first speed toward the axis, second means responsive to the transverse movement of the second movable member for modifying the second electrical control means for moving the second movable member toward the axis at a second predetermined speed as the second movable member approaches'the axis, third means responsive to the transverse movement of the second movable member for changing the second electrical control means to arrest the transverse movement of the second movable member at said begin work operative position and thereby determine the operating position of the second movable member-with reference to the axis, said third means also initiating the operation of the third electrical control means for moving the second movable member from said begin work operative position longitudinally of the axis, and fourth means responsive to a-predetermined longitudinal travel of the second movable member with reference to the axis for changing the third electrical control means to arrest the longitudinal movement of the second movable member at said end work operative position, said fourth means also initiating the reverse operation of the second and third electrical control means for returning the second movable member through both the transverse cycle and the longitudinal cycle to its starting position.

CLIFFORD A. BICKEL. STANLEY A. BRANDENBURG. THEODORE FOSTER.

(References on followingpage) 

